The time-factor as a strategy to limit the damage in case of neurological problems. Why arrive on time, and when there is the urgent need, both when it comes to making a diagnosis is in the process of prevention, it can really make a difference. “Time And ‘Brain” is the central theme of the sixth edition of the World Brain Awareness Week, promoted in Italy by the Italian Society of Neurology (SIN), which is celebrated from today to March 20, and will include several initiatives throughout Italy.
the importance of time. the time factor is crucial in medicine and, in particular, in the neurological field. “The neurologist race against time to limit the damage to the brain, in the true sense of the word,” said Leandro Provincial, President of the SIN. “The speed and accuracy of neurological surgery, immediately after the appearance of the first symptoms, can reduce or eliminate damage that often strongly influence the quality of life of the sick”. Beyond that, early detection is valuable in many diseases: for example, in Parkinson’s Disease and Multiple Sclerosis is fundamental to implement a therapeutic strategy that can change the natural history of the disease, while controlling symptoms.
Stroke, time-dependent emergency. Stroke is the leading cause of disability, the second leading cause of dementia and the third leading cause of death in the industrialized world. In Italy there are about 200,000 new stroke each year and about one million people live in our country with crippling disease outcomes. When a stroke occurs, take time equivalent to the loss of valuable time. “The new frontier for ischemic stroke care in the acute phase is the combination of systemic thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy” says Elio Agostoni, director of the complex structure Neurology and Stroke Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Hospital Niguarda Ca ‘Granda Hospital in Milan. But the effectiveness of the therapy depends on the time and position the stroke as an emergency time-dependent. “In particular, the mechanical thrombectomy should be performed as early as possible and potentially within 6 hours of symptom onset.”
The avoidable delay. In the scientific community has spread as part of the employee time emergencies, the delay concept preventable understood as organizational moment at the base of the clinical outcome. “The ‘catching preventable – continues Agostoni – is based on organizational efficiency of the patient’s clinical course with acute stroke. In this scenario, it is necessary to reorganize the care system in our country to ensure that all patients the best possible care . “
Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and multiple sclerosis. the time-factor is also crucial in Alzheimer’s disease that is clinically manifested by initial episodic memory disorders, that is, the ability to remember events related to a precise time reference; to them they are associated over time speech impairment, orientation, the reasoning skills, critical and judgment, with progressive loss of functional independence. “This stage of mild cognitive impairment, diagnosed with appropriate neuropsychological assessments, often precedes by some years the true dementia and their” explains Carlo Ferrarese, scientific director of the Neuroscience Center of Milan – University of Milan-Bicocca. The time also comes into play in Parkinson’s. One of the most important discoveries of recent years is the demonstration that the neurodegenerative process underlying Parkinson’s disease starts years before the onset of motor symptoms and, often, during this long phase may be present non-motor manifestations. “These findings have considerable relevance for if they fail to identify subjects at risk of developing the disease, you will be able to intervene early with neuroprotective drugs” explains Leonardo Lopiano, director of neurology complex structure dell’AOU City Health and Science of Turin .
timing is also crucial for multiple Sclerosis. “E ‘was shown that an early start therapy because, after some time, a lesser accumulation of disability and increased autonomy. On the contrary, delay the start of a therapy can be responsible for the appearance of not more reversible disturbances and recoverable” says Gianluigi Mancardi, director of the neurological Clinic of the University of Genoa.
the initiatives. the World brain Awareness Week is internationally promoted in more than 82 countries by the European Dana Alliance for the Brain in Europe and the Dana Alliance for the Brain Initiatives and the Society for Neuroscience in the United States. In Italy, the Italian Society of Neurology provides for the organization, on national territory, of educational meetings, scientific conferences and activities for students in elementary and middle schools. In Rome, for example, on March 18 will take place at the Epilepsy Center Tumor National Cancer Institute Regina Elena “Neuro Happy Hour !! … popular science snacks, theater, music” and on March 19 at the Science City Naples is planned initiative “Food, body and brain”, a laboratory course with interactive games, animated movies experiments and slide show. The detail of the Italian initiatives of the World Brain Awareness Week is available online, at www.neuro. it .
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